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TrainingsNotesAzureMicrosoft 365Security

MS-500 - Security Administrator

  • Configuring Privileged Identity Management
  • Implementing MFA
    • Mit O365 Einzelaktivierung möglich
  • Implementing Self Service Password Reset
    • All users or certain groups
    • AAD P1 needed
  • Password Alternatives
    • Windows Hello for Business
      • PIN
      • Facial and finger print
    • FIDO2
    • Authenticator App
      • Needs to be activated
  • Azure AD Access Reviews (Identity Governance)
    • AAD P2 needed for users who do and create accessreview
  • Azure AD Security Defaults
    • Contain preconfigured security settings to prevent common atacks
    • Basic level of securiy at no additional cost
    • In conflict with CA
    • All registers must register MFA in 14 days
    • All Admins need MFA
    • Old protocolsl ike IMAP, SMTP and POP3 will be blocked
  • AAD Identity Protection
    • AAD P2 needed
    • Risky signin detection
    • Enable automated responses to suspicious actions
    • Types of risks detected:
      • Sign-in from infected device
      • Leaked credential
      • Impossible travel
      • Sign-in from unusual location
      • Sign-in from suspicious or anonymous IP address
    • Remediate risk events
      • Manually reset user password
      • Configure automated policy to remediate issue
    • Receive notifications
      • User risk detected messages
      • Weekly digest email

Identity Synchronization​

  • SSO Options
    • Azure AD Connect and AD FS
    • Azure AD Connect with Password Synchronization and Seamless SSO
    • Azure AD Connect with Pass-through Authentication and Seamless SSO
  • Azure AD Connect Health
    • Shows sync errors
    • Sync services shows Azure AD Connects
    • Agent for ADFS and ADDS available
  • Planning Azure Connect with Multi Forest
    • Autodiscover - Each Exchange forest must be authorative for at least one SMTP namespace and the coreesponding Autodiscover namespace
    • Certificates -a single digitalcertificatec annot beused for multiple AD forests.
      • Common Name must match the host being authenticated and is typically the etxernal hostname for the Client Access server in the AD forest
      • Issuer - third party Certificate Authority that verfied the orgainzation information and issued the certificate, such as VeriSIgn or GoDaddy
    • Every Forest will need to communicate with the Azure AD Connect agent on the server
  • Azure AD Security Groups
    • Created as local groups on domain joined servers and as domain groups if installed on a domain controller
    • ADSyncAdmins
      • FullAccess to AAD Connect
    • ADSyncOperators
      • Access to Azure AD Sync service manager
    • ADSyncBrowser
      • Has permission to gather information about a user's lineage when resetting password
    • ADSyncPasswordSet
      • Can perform all operations by using the password management interface
  • Understanding Identity Federation
    • Creates a trust relartionship between two organizations
    • User authenticates against AD DS
    • ADFS generates a claims token trusted by federation partner
    • Access granted to resource based on Claims token

Managing External Access​

  • External sharing
    • Office 365
    • Azure AD B2B
    • Azure AD free capabilities are available for guest users without additional licensing
    • Guests dont needed licenses
    • License calculation 1:5

M365 Security​

  • MS Strategy
    • Effective defense dramatically increases the costs to the attacker
    • Assume identities are always under attack
    • Defense in depth is a must
    • Protect, detect and respond
    • Always assume you have been compromised
    • Attacker only needs to find one vulnerability
    • One advantage of the cloud is the shareds responsibility
    • Cloud also provides better threat detection
    • Large public cloud providers can invest billions
    • Increate Attackers Cost
      • Defend against cheapest attacks
      • Prossess a good detection ands response process to limit attackers lateral movement
      • Develop defense against potential and future attacks
      • O365 ATP provides an attack simulator
  • Using the secure score
    • Improvement actions
  • What is the Anti-Malware Pipeline?
    • First mail is processed by techniques such as IP and sender reputation, combined with heuristics
    • Next it is scanned by multiple signature-based anti-virus scanners
    • EOP scans inviditual files
    • Heuristic clustering is used to identitfy suspicious mail
    • A sample from a cluster is sent to a hypervisor sandbox and the file is opened for further analysis
    • Signals are collected, the results are run through a machine-learning (ML) method
    • IF M365 ATP is eanbled, ATP extens the protection
  • Zero-Hour Auto Purge
    • Monitor updates to spam and malware signatures and can identify previously undetected malicious messages already in users inboxes
    • Unopened spam is moved to junk mail
    • Malware is stripped from mail regardless if it has been opened or not
    • Reverse is also true
  • Spoofing and Phishing Protection
    • EOP supports email authentication technique
      • Sender Policy Framwork (SPF)
      • Domain Keys Identified Mail (DKIM)
      • Domain-based Messaging and Reporting Compliance (DMARC)
    • Spoof intelligence can provide insight into senders who are spoofing your domain
    • E5 Plan needed or ATP license
  • Safe Attachments
    • Needs ATP
    • Dynamic Delivery not supported for OnPremise Hybrid System. Replace will be used instead
  • Safe Links
  • Microsoft Defender for Identity
    • Monitor on premises domain controllers
    • Captures network traffic and Windows events directly from your domain controllers
    • Analyzes the data for attacks and threats
    • AATP Sensor needed
  • Application Guard
    • Using hardware isolation, it helps prevent old and newly emerging attacks to help keep employees productive
    • Define trusted web sites and everything not on your list is considered untrusted
    • User opens untrusted site through Edge, then Edge opens the site in an isolated Hyper-V-enabled container
  • Application Control
    • W10 Entterprise license needed
    • Applications are untrusted by default
    • Can block unsigned scripts and MSIs
    • Application control policies apply to the computer as a whole and affect all users
    • Applications control rules include
      • Attributes of the codesigning certificate
      • Attributes of the apps binaries such as filename, version or hash
      • The reputation determined by MS Intelligent Security Graph
      • The identity of the process that initiated the installation
      • The path from which the app or file is launched
      • The process that launched the app or binary
  • Defender Exploit Protection
    • On by default
    • Host intrusion prevention capabilities from Windows 10
    • Exploit protection
    • Attack surface reduction rule
    • Network protection

Threat intelligence​

  • Azure Sentinel
    • Cloud native SIEM (Security information and event management) tool that is built on Azure
    • Using the cloud and artifical intelligence to help security operations teams identify and stop cyber-attacks before they cause harm
    • Includes MS threat intelligence stream and external threat intelligence streams
    • Collect data cloud scale
    • Detect previously undetected threats
    • Investigae threats with artifical intelligence
    • Automate response to incidents

Information Protection​

  • Classifying Data
    • Create or view a document with protection enabled you will have four data classification option
      • Automatic, Recommended, Reclassification, User-set
    • When a user sets a manual label, then it wont be automatically replaed
  • Sensitivity Labels (Unified labeling)
    • Metadata written to documents
    • Stay in clear text so DLP can read them
    • Travel with document regardless of location
    • Creation within compliance center -> information protection
    • Preview: Labels for Azure, including SQL columns, files Azure Blob Storage and more
    • Documents can be encrypted and expire
    • Assign permissions can be: users, group, all auth users, specific email addresses or domains
    • Content marking: watermark, add a header/footer
    • Protection setting for groups and sites: Privacy and external user access settings, external sharing and conditional access settubgs
    • Labels are distributed by label policies to users
      • Apply this label by default?
      • Justification needed to remove label?
      • Enforces user to set a label
      • Provide user with a link to help page
    • Auto labeling policy avilable
  • AIP Super User
    • Ensures authorized people and services can always read and inspect the data that Azure Rights Management protectsf for your organization
    • If not Enabled by default
    • Must use PowerShell to enable Super User and assign users or groups to it
      • Enable-AadrmSuperUserFeature
      • Set-AadrmSuperUserGroup
    • Once enabled and assigned, can use it to manage protected content via PowerShell
      • Protect-RMSFile
      • Unrpotect-RMSFile
      • Set-AIPFIleLabel
    • To monitor activity of RMS Admins
      • Get-AadrmAdminLog
  • Customer Lockbox (E5 / Security Addon)
    • If Customer Lockbox is activated, then the Support Engineer sends a request from their superior and the customer needs to approve the access
  • Protecting Data Access in Microsoft 365
    • MSFT_cloud_architecture_identity&device_protection.pdf
  • Windows Information Protection
    • Differentiates between corporate and personal data
    • Data generated by or coming from a corporate app is tagged as work
    • WIP provides the ability to:
      • Encrypt enterprise data on corporate-owned and employee-owned (BYOD) devices
      • Remotely wipe corporate work data off managed computers
      • Stop non-protected apps from accessing corporate work data
    • WIP prerequisites
      • Deivce or Application Management solution that supports WIP (Intune)
      • WIP policies with app protection settings
    • Determine which Encyprtion Key to use
    • Determine which Policy Protection Mode to use
    • Configure your intelligent network boundaries
  • M365 Encryption
    • Data at rest
      • Distributed Key Manager (DKM) or BItLocker in Microsoft datacenters
    • Data in Transit
      • TLS for files in transit
      • Message Encryption with Azure Rights Management, S/MIME, and TLS for email in transit
    • Rights Management in Exchange
      • Can be applied by user manually or automatically in Outlook or OWA or via transport rules in Exchange Online
      • Helps to protect restricted content
        • Prevent forwaring, modifying, printing, faxing, saving, or cuttin and pasting the content
        • Supports expiration of IRM-protected messages and attachments
        • Prevents IRM-protected content from being copied using snipping tool
      • Connect prevent all methods such as cameras, transcription or third party screen grab
      • Automatically attaches a pre-license to proteced messages
        • Client does not need repeated trips to server to get a user license
        • Enables offline viewing IRM-protected messages and files
        • Enables messages to be viewed in Outlook on the web
    • Rights Management in SharePoint
      • Needs to be activated/refreshed in the SharePoint Admincenter settings for all sites
      • Under the library settings IRM can be enforced for alle files/documents
    • Comparing IRM vs AIR in SharePoint
      • When working with IRM protection
        • Connot use the default or custom protection templates that you manage in the Azure Portal
        • Protected PDF files are not supported (ppdf)
        • Co-authoring is not supported
      • AIP works on the client-side vs IRM working on the server-side
    • Secure Multipurpose Internet Mail Extension (S/MIME)
      • A protocal to digitally sign and encrypt email messages
      • Append a digital signature to an email message
      • Encryption an email message body and attachments
      • Digital Signatures
        • Provides Authentication, Data integrity and Nonrepudiation
        • Signing process
          • Message body is captured
          • Hash value of the message is calculated
          • Sender's private key is retrieved
          • Hash value in ecrypted with the sender's private key
          • Encrypted hash value is appended tothe message as the digital signature
      • Digital Signatures and Encryption
        • Message is captured
        • Hash value of the message is calculated
        • Sender's private key is retrieved
        • Recipient's public key is retrieved
        • Hash value is encrypted with the sender's private key
        • Encrypted hash value is appended to the message as a digital signature
        • One-time symmetric session key is generated
        • Encryption operation is performed on a message using the session key
        • Session key in encrypted using the recipient's piblic key
        • Encrypted session key is included withthe encrypted message
        • Message is sent
  • Data Loss Prevention (DLP)
    • Infos
      • Used to identify, monitor, report, and protect sensitive data
      • Protect content in Exchangeemail, Teams chats and channel messages, and OneDrive/SharePoint documents
      • Customize level of restrictions by creating DLP policies
        • Simply warn users
        • Black from sharing sensitive data to unauthorized users
        • Block from sharing sensitive data altogether
    • DLP conditions
      • Content, such as the type of sensitive information you're looking
      • Also, context such as who the document is shared with
    • DLP actions
      • Block access to the content
      • Send a notification
      • Display a policy tip
      • Allow usersto override the configured action
    • Document Protection through DLP Policies
      • Leverage FCI properties or properties applied in SharePoint
      • Create a managed property in the SharePoint admin center
      • Content is protected after property is detected which does not happen instantly
  • Cloud App Security
    • Overview
      • Discover and control the use of Shadow IT
      • Protect your sensitive information anywhere in the cloud
      • Protect against cyberthreats and anomalies
      • Assess the compliance of your cloud apps
    • Cloud discovery
      • Provide log files from local firewall
  • Archiving and Retention
    • In-place Archiving in Exchange
      • Online archive
      • Not cached as part of the offline store files (.ost)
      • Reduce compliance issue caused by personal store files (pst)
      • Included in E3 and higher plans, can be added on to others
      • Unlimited archive starts at 100GB, can turn on auto-expanding archiving via PowerSHell using Set-OrganizationConfig -AutoExpendingArchive
    • In-place Records Management in SharePoint
      • Activated by site collection
      • A records Center site
      • Manage Records in Place
      • Activate in-Place Records Management at the Site Collection Level
      • Configure Record Declaration Settigns at the Site, List or Library Level
    • Messaging Records Management
      • Supports users by cleaning up their primary mailboxes to improve performance
      • Uses retention tags to apply retention settings to items and folder
        • Default policy tag
        • Retention policy tag
          • Overrides default policy tag
        • Personal tag
          • Overrides retention policy tag
    • Retention policies
      • Retain items to comply with industry regulations and internal policies
      • Can apply retention across all services in O365
      • Allow users to continue to work while still meeting compliance requirements
      • Reduce your risk in the event of litigation or a security breach
      • Decide proactively whetere to retain content, delete content, or both
  • Data Gorvernant